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【作者简介】
章武生，复旦大学法学院教授、博士生导师。罗健豪，上海市虹口区人民法院法官。
【注释】1OLRC Report，467。转引自Rachael Mulheron, The Class Action in Common Law.Legal Systems: A ComparativePerspective （2004）, P29.
前引Rachael Mulheron 书, P38.
Moore, Federal Rules of Civil Procedure: Some Problems Raised by the Preliminary Draft, 25 GEO. L.J.551,570-76（1937）.
James M. Fraser, Opt-in Class Actions Under the FLSA. EPA. and ADEA：What Does It Mean to be"Similarly Situated"？ 38 Suffolk U. L. Rev. 95（2004）.
Thomas E. Willging, Laural L. Hooper & Robert J. Niemic Federal Judicial Center, Empirical Study ofClass Actions in Four Federal District Courts: Final Report to the Advisory Committee on Civil Rules，P8、118，P52、134.
Thomas E. Willging, Laural L. Hooper & Robert J. Niemic Federal Judicial Center, Empirical Study ofClass Actions in Four Federal District Courts: Final Report to the Advisory Committee on Civil Rules，P8、118，P52、134.
Bruce I.Bertelsen, Mary S. Calfee, Gerald W. Connor, The Rule 23 （b） （3） Class Action: an EmpiricalStudy, 62 Geo. L. J. 1123 ，P1150.
Theodore Eisenberg； Geoffrey Miller：The Role of Opt-outs and Objectors In Class Action Litigation:Theoretical and Empirical Issues, 57 Vand. L. Rev.1529（2004）.
Neil Williams,“Consumer Class Action in Canada-Some Proposals for Reform ”（1975）13 QSGOODE Hall LawJournal 1，79。转引自Vince Morabito, Class Actions:The right to opt out Under Part IVA of the FederalCourt of Australia Act 1976（CTH）”,19 Melbourne University Law review 615.1994，P629、635-636.
John E.Kennedy，Class Actions: The Right To Opt Out, 25 Ariz. L. Rev. 17, 1983-1984, note81.
Black’s Law Dictionary（8th），P208-209。我国民诉法学中有“责任”一词，对应英美法系的“Burden”等术语。但是，经查手头有关Opt-out 的英文资料，未发现将其定性为“责任”（“Burden”）者。又鉴于法律英语中“Burden”的内涵也可用“Duty”、“Obligation”等来解释。故本文亦未使用“责任”来表述退出权的义务性。
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