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7) Crimes of impairing the interests of national defense, such as sabotaging weapons or equipment, military installations or military telecommunications, refusing or escaping military service in wartime;
8) Crimes of embezzlement and bribery, which are state functionary, by taking advantage of his post, steals public money or property, or misappropriates public funds, or accepts money from another person;
9) Crimes of dereliction of duty, which are state functionary abuses his power or neglects his duty, thus causing heavy losses to public money or property or the interests of the state and the people, such as intentionally or negligently divulges state secrets, releases a criminal suspect, a defendant or a criminal held in custody, connives at smuggling; and
10) Crimes of servicemen’s transgression of duties, such as surrender, sets free a prisoner of war without authorization, abandon a wounded or sick serviceman.
In addition, the Criminal Procedure Law of China categorizes crimes into crimes of public prosecution and crimes of private prosecution.
2. The Age of Criminal Responsibility
The age of criminal responsibility is 16. However, if a person who has reached the age of 14 but not the age of 16 commits intentional homicide, intentionally hurts another person so as to cause serious injury or death of the person, or commits rape, robbery, drug-trade, arson, explosion or poisoning, he shall bear criminal responsibility.
If a person who has reached the age of 14 but not commits a crime, he shall be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. And the death penalty is not allowed to be imposed on a person under the age of 18.
When a person is not punished because he or she is under the age of 16, the head of the family or guardian is ordered to subject the person to discipline. When necessary, the person may be taken in by the government for rehabilitation.
3. Crime Statistics
Criminal Cases Registered in Public Security Organs (1999-2001)[1]
Item Cases Filling Proportion To Total (%)
1999 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001
Murder 27426 28429 27501 1.22 0.78 0.62
Injury 92772 120778 138100 4.13 3.32 3.10
Robbery 198607 309818 352216 8.83 8.52 7.90
Rape 39435 35819 40600 1.75 0.98 0.91
Abduct women or children 7257 23163 7008 0.32 0.64 0.16
Theft 1447390 2373696 2924512 64.35 65.26 65.61
Fraud 93192 152614 190854 4.14 4.20 4.28
Smuggle 1205 1993 1784 0.05 0.05 0.04
Bogus money 10047 15863 5780 0.45 0.44 0.13
Others 331988 575134 769224 14.76 15.81 17.26
Total 2249319 3637307 4457579 100.00 100.00 100.00
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Cases under Direct Investigation by the People''s Procuratorates (1999-2001)[2]
Item Cases Filling
1999 2000 2001
Crimes of embezzlement and bribery 32911 37183 36447
Crimes of dereliction of duty 5471 7930 8819
Total 38382 45113 45266
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