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18.1 Introduction
18.2 General Entitlement to Interest
18.3 Additional Damages
18.4 Interest on Damages
18.5 Accrual of Interest
18.6 Rate of Interest
PART VEXCUSES
Chapter 19Change of Circumstances
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Underlying Doctrine: rebus sic stantibus
19.3 Different Approaches to Changed Circumstances
19.3.1 Historical Review
19.3.2 National Doctrines
19.3.3 International Perspective
19.3.3.1 Public international law
19.3.3.2 International commercial practice
19.3.4 Conclusion
19.4 Definitions of Force Majeure and Hardship
19.4.1 Force Majeure
19.4.2 Hardship
19.4.3 Comparison
19.5 General Approaches in the Studied Instruments
19.5.1 Approach under the CISG
19.5.2 Approach under the UNIDROIT Principles
19.5.3 Approach under the PECL
19.5.4 Concluding Remarks
Chapter 20Force Majeure
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Relevant Texts
20.2.1 Exemptions: CISG Art. 79
20.2.2 Force Majeure: UPICC Art. 7.1.7
20.2.3 Excuse Due to an Impediment: PECL Art. 8:108
20.2.4 Comparison
20.3 General Rule
20.3.1 Scope of Excusable Non-performance
20.3.2 Existence of Qualifying Impediment
20.3.2.1 Introduction of a new word
20.3.2.2 Interpretation of the word
20.3.2.3 Problematic situations
20.3.3 Conditions for Exempting Impediment
20.3.3.1 Beyond control
20.3.3.2 Unforeseeable
20.3.3.3 Unavoidable or insurmountable
20.3.3.4 Causation
20.4 Responsibility for Third Parties
20.5 Temporary Impediment
20.6 Duty to Notify
20.7 Effects
20.7.1 In General
20.7.2 Effect on Right to Damages
20.7.3 Effect on Right to Performance
20.7.4 Effect on Right to Termination
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